From Pixels to Proof: Geospatial Image Analysis of India’s Operation Sindoor
This is a chapter by Dr Y Nithiyanandam, in the book Operation Sindoor: Before and Beyond published by Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), released by the Chief of Army Staff Indian Army.
Authors
Buy the book here
Introduction
This chapter presents the geospatial analysis of Operation Sindoor, India’s decisive military response to cross-border terrorism in May 2025. By integrating high-resolution satellite imagery, official briefings, and open-source intelligence, it offers a data-driven examination of nine terrorist infrastructure sites struck across Pakistan and Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK). Through visual damage assessment, the study not only verifies the precision of India’s counter-terror operations but also highlights the evolving role of geospatial intelligence in modern warfare. Beyond documenting strategic outcomes, the chapter underscores how satellite imagery has transformed defense narratives, turning “pixels” into undeniable “proof.” Its insights reveal the critical importance of remote sensing technologies in shaping credible, transparent, and future-ready security strategies.